“We have lived in this pond all our lives, and no fisherman has ever come here. “You are worrying without reason”, he said. “We must leave the pond.”īut the youngest fish laughed. The fishermen will return tomorrow and kill us all!” The second of the three fish agreed. He called the other fish together and said, “Did you hear what the fishermen said? W must leave this pond at once. When the eldest of the three fish heard this, he was troubled. We must come back tomorrow morning with our nets and catch these fish!” So saying, the fishermen left. “This pond is full of fish”, they told each other excitedly. One evening, some fishermen passed by the pond and saw the fish. Use of adjectives phrases ( long black hair) Use of simple past tense ( He walked away from the village)ĥ. Use of adverbial phrases of time and place ( in the garden, two days ago)ģ. Use of noun phrases ( a beautiful princess, a huge temple)Ģ. Resolution ( provide solution to the problem)ġ. Complication ( a problem arises and followed by other problems)ģ. Orientation ( who was involved, when and where was it happened)Ģ. Narrative always deals with some problems which lead to the climax and then turn into a solution to the problem.ġ. Social function: To amuse or entertain the readers with actual or imaginary experience in different ways. They bought many souvenirs for their friends. On the way, they stopped at small inns to eat lunch. They stayed in big hotels for the night and ate in the restaurants. He explained the cultural importance of the places. The guide stopped the coach at many famous places. They traveled in a comfortable coach with a toilet, music, and video. On the day of the travel the guide told them to check their passports, their traveler cheques, and their foreign cash. They were going to travel through The Netherland, Belgium, Germany, Switzerland, and France for two weeks. They were travelling on a guided tour to five countries. Ü Use of adjective ( The smart remarks and a bald head) Ü Use of past tense ( We went for a trip to the zoo) Ü Use of action verbs in past (went, studied) Ü Use of pronouns and nouns ( David, he, she) Re-orientation ( optional – closure of events) Events ( tell what happened in a chronological order)ģ. Orientation ( who were involved, when and where was it happened)Ģ. Social function: To tell the readers what happened in the past through a sequence of events.ġ. Place on a plate, spread salt and pepper. Turn the omelet with a spatula when it browns.Grate the cheese into the bowl and stir.Whisk the egg with a fork until it is smooth.Ü Use of connectives(first, then, finally)Įxample of Procedure Text – How to Make Cheese Omelet Ü Use of imperative ( Cut……., Don’t mix…….) Steps ( a set of instruction to achieve the final purpose) Materials ( ingredients, utensils, equipment to do the instructions)ģ. Goals ( the final purpose of doing the instruction)Ģ. They can be a set of instructions or directions.ġ. Social function: To help us do a task or make something. They are narrative, recount, descriptive, report, explanation, analytical exposition, hortatory exposition, procedure, discussion, review, anecdote, spoof, and news item. Based on generic structure and language feature dominantly used, texts are divided into several types.
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